Explainer: US troop presence in Europe after Germany withdrawal

LONDON/WASHINGTON: The United States has announced plans to withdraw 5,000 troops from Germany, marking a significant shift in its military posture in Europe following tensions between President Donald Trump and German Chancellor Friedrich Merz.

The move comes amid broader concerns in Washington that European allies are not doing enough to support US-led efforts in Iran or ensure their own defence.

US military presence in Europe

According to official data, around 68,000 active-duty US troops were permanently stationed across Europe as of December 2025. These figures do not include rotational forces deployed for training or missions.

The US operates across 31 permanent bases and has access to 19 additional military sites in the region.

Military operations are overseen by the US European Command, which coordinates with NATO allies through multiple service branches including the Army, Navy, Air Force and Special Operations Forces.

Countries hosting US troops

US forces are spread across more than a dozen European countries, with the largest presence in Germany, Italy and the United Kingdom.

Germany

The largest US military hub in Europe is located near Ramstein Air Base. Around 36,436 troops are stationed across multiple garrisons.

Italy

About 12,662 US personnel are based in Italy, with key installations in Vicenza, Aviano, Naples and Sicily.

United Kingdom

Approximately 10,156 troops are stationed at three bases, primarily linked to the US Air Force.

Spain

Around 3,814 personnel are deployed at naval and air bases near the Strait of Gibraltar.

Poland

While only 369 troops are permanently assigned, about 10,000 additional personnel are deployed on a rotational basis under NATO initiatives.

Romania

The country hosts 153 permanent US troops along with rotational forces at bases including Mihail Kogalniceanu and Deveselu.

Hungary

A smaller presence of 77 US personnel is stationed at bases in Kecskemet and Papa, alongside rotational deployments.

The US military presence in Europe remains central to NATO’s defence framework, with forces positioned to respond to crises and support allied operations across the region.